Chapter 1 Multiple choice questions

. What distinguishes a consolidated from an unconsolidated democracy?

A parliamentary political system and wealth help a country transition to an unconsolidated democracy.

Once consolidated, countries do not slide back into autocracy.

Democracies tend to start off as consolidated and often unravel over time.

Economic crises often lead a consolidated democracy to revert back into authoritarianism.

. What was the main reason why southern European countries only joined the European Economic Community (precursor to the European Union) in the 1980s?

They were economically less advanced than other European countries.

They were geographically not part of the EU's enlargement plans.

They were ruled by military and/or authoritarian regimes.

They did not want to join.

. What is the difference between a minimalist and a maximalist conceptualization of democracy?

Minimalist definitions focus on the presence of free and fair elections, while maximalist definitions focus on political outcomes and rights.

Maximalist definitions focus on political institutions, while minimalist definitions focus on political outcomes.

Maximalist definitions focus on elections, while minimalist definitions focus on solely on basic rights.

Minimalist definitions focus on political institutions, while maximalist definitions focus on which types of parties are running in elections.

. Which of the following statements about voting rights in Europe is FALSE?

In the UK, universal suffrage for all adults was only established in 1928.

In 1906, Finnish women became the first in Europe to gain the right to vote.

In parts of Switzerland, women were not allowed to vote until 1991.

In Germany, the first elections where women were allowed to vote were held in 1949.

. Which of the following is NOT a part of the Copenhagen Criteria?

Stability of institutions guaranteeing democracy.

A functioning market economy.

Administrative capacity.

Land borders with other EU countries.

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