* not completed

. Why did US policy-makers generally support early moves toward European integration such as the European Coal and Steel Community?

They hoped it would supply America's Coal and Steel needs correct incorrect

They hoped it would eventually incorporate the Soviet Union correct incorrect

They hoped it would encourage the economic and political consolidation of Western Europe correct incorrect

They hoped it would keep Europe economically and politically divided correct incorrect

* not completed

. Why did de Gaulle object to the idea of an 'Atlantic Partnership'?

He preferred the idea of an 'Atlantic Community' correct incorrect

He viewed it as a challenge to Europe's ties with the Soviet Union correct incorrect

Both a and b correct incorrect

He viewed it as a cover for American domination of Europe correct incorrect

* not completed

. How did the Nixon doctrine alter US policy towards European integration?

US support for European integration became unconditional correct incorrect

US support for European integration was no longer guaranteed correct incorrect

US support for European integration would only come in financial form correct incorrect

The US no longer supported European integration correct incorrect

* not completed

. Which of the following describes the Carter administration's perception of US relations with Europe?

Empire correct incorrect

Alliance correct incorrect

Interdependence correct incorrect

None of the above correct incorrect

* not completed

. How did the Reagan administration react to moves towards a distinct European defense identity?

It reiterated the primacy of NATO correct incorrect

It encouraged a distinct European defense identity correct incorrect

It withdrew US forces from Europe correct incorrect

It cut back on defense spending correct incorrect

* not completed

. What role did the George H.W. Bush administration envisage for the EC in the 'New World Order'?

The EC as the new 'world police' correct incorrect

The EC as a stabilizing influence on the former Soviet states correct incorrect

The EC as an ideological challenge to the US correct incorrect

None of the above correct incorrect

* not completed

. Which of the following is not one of the 'three Ds' outlined by Clinton's Secretary of State Madeline Albright in response to proposals for a European Security and Defense Policy?

No duplication of capabilities correct incorrect

No deployment of European troops correct incorrect

No discrimination by Europe between states deemed unacceptable to the US correct incorrect

No decoupling of Europe from the US correct incorrect

* not completed

. How did the 'War on Terror' affect US-EU relations?

It exacerbated divisions between the US and the EU correct incorrect

It stimulated cooperation between the US and the EU correct incorrect

It led to greater emphasis on bilateral relations between the US and individual European states correct incorrect

All of the above correct incorrect

* not completed

. What did Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld mean by the phrase 'the new Europe'?

Turkey correct incorrect

The ex-Soviet states of Eastern Europe correct incorrect

Post-communist Russia correct incorrect

The Middle East correct incorrect

* not completed

. What is meant by Robert Kagan's assertion that 'Americans are from Mars and Europeans are from Venus'?

Americans employ 'soft power' more readily, whereas Europeans tend to rely on 'hard power' correct incorrect

Americans employ 'hard power' more readily, whereas Europeans tend to rely on 'soft power' correct incorrect

Americans tend to emphasize process, whereas Europeans tend to emphasize outcomes correct incorrect

Americans employ civilian power more readily, whereas Europeans favour the military option correct incorrect