Ecological Economics
Principles of Ecological Economics
Decision-Making Analyses
- Cost-effectiveness analysis
- Cost-benefit analysis
- Multicriteria decision analysis
Total Economic Value (TEV) Framework
- Direct use value
- Indirect use value
- Option value
- Existence value
- Box 7.1 Case in Point: The Option Value of Biodiversity
- Estimates of TEV
Methods of Valuing Ecosystem Services
- Revealed preference methods
- Real market techniques
- Box 7.2 Conservation in Practice: An Example of the Market Pricing Method: Fisheries and Pollution
- Surrogate market techniques
- Cost-based techniques
- Stated preference methods
- Box 7.3 Success Story: Contingent Valuation Helps Reduce Human-Wildlife Conflict
- Benefits transfer method
One Final Comment
- Box 7.4 Challenges & Opportunities: Taking Anthropocentrism to the Extreme