Chapter 11 Matching Exercise

Innovation and Adaptation in the Western Christian World, 600–1450 CE
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The French representative assembly, composed of the three social "estates" in France, first convened by Philip IV.

Associations of artisans and merchants intended to protect and promote affairs of common interest.

An outward and physical sign of an inward and spiritual grace.

The urban-based middle class between the wealthy aristocracy and the working class.

A medieval method of determining theological and philosophical truth by using Aristotelian logic.

A representative assembly in England that, by the fourteenth century, was composed of great lords (both lay and ecclesiastical) and representatives from two other groups: shire knights and town burgesses.

Those countries professing Christian beliefs under the primacy of the pope.

An arrangement in which vassals were protected and maintained by their lords, usually through the granting of fiefs, and required to serve under them in war.

The native, common spoken language of a particular region.

The law of the church.

An economic system characterized by private or corporate ownership of capital goods, by investments that are determined by private decision, and by prices, production, and the distribution of goods that are determined mainly by competition in a free market.

The act or ceremony of crowning a sovereign.

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